Most of us got to know steel. We use it inside your everyday life. But have you noticed how to produce it? As well as what can it take to produce it? This is the steel is made in a big factory and it is cooked within a giant stove called furnace. And the cooking itself takes numerous ingredients inside.
The Blast Furnace and Electric Arc Furnace methods include the two major processes for producing iron and steel products. Scrap melting is the major process utilizing Electric Arc Furnaces. Recently, industry competition has grown to be increasingly intense, elevating the need for a lot more efficient melting process. Capacities of the transformers increasingly becoming larger and electric furnaces are increasing larger worldwide. Within this manufacturing environment, graphite materials which have durability for larger-power operation are needed considerably more for the use as Graphite Electrode (GE).
GE are produced from carbon. Carbon can be a nonmetal element by having an atomic number of 6 along with the atomic symbol “C”. Carbon is the base of organic chemistry, closely associated with organic matter and life activity. Manufacturing excellent graphite electrodes requires quality materials which are strictly selected.
Graphite has a higher heat transfer rating, effectiveness against higher temperatures, and contains more strength against thermal shock than other materials. Moreover, it excels in machinability to satisfy the requirements for any broader variety of dimensions. Thus, graphite will be the optimum material for scrap-melting electrodes.
GE are typically consumed at high temperatures due to the reaction with oxygen being CO, CO2. The oxidation of electrodes starts at 500oC and accelerates its speed at 800oC (inside furnace). Use of graphite electrodes by sublimation occurs at 3400o. The rate of sublimation is proportional towards the increase of current density.
Meanwhile, using quality GE results in contributions to saving energy and environmental conservation. Electric arc furnaces, with the main aim of recycling steel scraps, boost reuse of steel products.
Production organization of graphite electrodes may be divided as 10 stages the subsequent:
Raw material transporting
Kneading
Extruding
Baking
Pitch Impregnation
Re-Baking
Graphitization
Machining
Inspection
Shipment
The typical sizes for graphite electrodes originate from diameter 10″ (inch) to 30″(inch) and from length of 60″(inch) to 110″(inch). The weights are including 123 Kgs (10″ x 60″) to 2060 Kgs (30″ x 110″).
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