All of us need to know steel. We use it in your everyday living. But have you noticed how to produce it? And what does it take to produce it? This is the steel is made inside a big factory and it is cooked inside a giant stove called furnace. And the cooking itself takes a lot of ingredients in it.
The Blast Furnace and Electric Arc Furnace methods include the two major methods for producing iron and steel products. Scrap melting is the major process utilizing Electric Arc Furnaces. Recently, industry competition has become increasingly intense, elevating the need for a lot more efficient melting process. Capacities with the transformers are getting larger and electric furnaces are growing larger worldwide. With this manufacturing environment, graphite materials that have durability for larger-power operation are required far more for your use as Graphite Electrode (GE).
GE are made from carbon. Carbon is really a nonmetal element having an atomic number of 6 along with the atomic symbol “C”. Carbon could be the base of organic chemistry, closely in connection with organic matter and life activity. Manufacturing excellent graphite electrodes requires quality materials which might be strictly selected.
Graphite has a higher heat transfer rating, potential to deal with higher temperatures, and has more strength against thermal shock than many other materials. Moreover, it excels in machinability to meet certain requirements for any broader variety of dimensions. Thus, graphite will be the optimum material for scrap-melting electrodes.
GE are typically consumed at high temperatures because of the reaction with oxygen to get CO, CO2. The oxidation of electrodes starts at 500oC and accelerates its speed at 800oC (in the furnace). Use of graphite electrodes by sublimation occurs at 3400o. The speed of sublimation is proportional for the increase of current density.
Meanwhile, usage of quality GE ends in contributions to saving energy and environmental conservation. Electric arc furnaces, using the main aim of recycling steel scraps, help promote reuse of steel products.
Production organization of graphite electrodes may be divided as 10 stages the next:
Raw material transporting
Kneading
Extruding
Baking
Pitch Impregnation
Re-Baking
Graphitization
Machining
Inspection
Shipment
The typical sizes for graphite electrodes originate from diameter 10″ (inch) to 30″(inch) and from duration of 60″(inch) to 110″(inch). The weights are ranging from 123 Kgs (10″ x 60″) to 2060 Kgs (30″ x 110″).
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