Nicotine, a compound mostly found in the plants of the Solanaceae family, is definitely an alkaloid and is also found accumulated within the leaves of such plants, although the biosynthesis of the chemical happens in the roots of the plants. Nicotine is amongst the major the different parts of addictive plants like tobacco (0.6%-3.0%) and is also the grounds behind their addiction in humans due to its psychoactive nature.
The follow are 10 interesting details of viibryd side effects.
1. Etymology
The name nicotine originates from the scientific name of the tobacco plant Nicotiana tabacum. The scientific name of the tobacco plant is itself named france ambassador to Portugal Jean Nicot de Villemain. Villeman is credited for sending tobacco seeds and plant saplings to Paris in 1560 for the utilization in medicinal purposes.
2. Extraction
Nicotine was initially extracted from the tobacco plant by German physician Dr. Wilhelm Heinrich Posselt and chemist Karl Ludwig Reimann in 1828. After its discovery Posselt and Reimann labelled it as a poison. The truth is nicotine is definitely an antiherbivore chemical, which in turn causes addiction when consumed in control (1mg or less) and death if consumed high amounts (30mg-60mg).
3. Chemistry
Nicotine is definitely an alkaloid with the chemical formula C10H14N2. Its IUPAC name is 3[2,5-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridine. It possesses a molecular mass of 162.12g/mol. Nicotine can be a hygroscopic liquid which can be miscible with water like a nitrogenous base. Its density is 1.01g/cm3, melting point -79oC and boiling point 247oC. The nicotine molecule features a half life of A couple of hours and it is metabolism is hepatic. Nicotine is additionally optically active and possesses two enantiomeric forms.
4. Nicotine as a possible insecticide
As already said nicotine is definitely an antiherbivore drug which if consumed a lot is fatal to life forms. That is why nicotine laden tobacco was used as a possible insecticide and before the globe War II. But following the WWII its usage drastically lowered due to use of cheap synthetic insecticides which are more easily accessible than tobacco and fewer unhealthy for mammals. But also in the present times the hype surrounding organic farming has again increased the interest of the farmers within the usage of tobacco like a pesticide as a possible alternate to chemical pesticides.
5. Nicotine addiction
Our nerves inside the body has certain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Nicotine binds to several of such and boosts the amount of several neurotransmitters. Among these neurotransmitters dopamine is one such neurotransmitter which can be significantly increased during nicotine use and is also accountable for a feeling of euphoria and relaxation due to the use of tobacco (nicotine) products.
6. Psychoactive outcomes of nicotine
Nicotine can be a psychoactive substance as it is mood altering. It causes both euphoria and relaxation. In the body nicotine is metabolised within the liver. First after its metabolism nicotine ends in the making of glucose from the liver and epinephrine from the adrenal medulla. This sudden discharge of glucose and epinephrine causes euphoria following the intake of nicotine. After the initial euphoria nicotine results in relaxation, increased alertness and sharpness by implementing different neurotransmitters of the body. Nicotine also has pain relieving properties.
7. Unwanted effects of nicotine intake
Tough it seems like nicotine is an excellent substance to boost one’s sharpness, induce calmness and elevate one’s mood there are far more negative aspects of nicotine intake than positive. Among these the most frequent unwanted effects of nicotine intake are an elevated probability of hypertension and cardiac arrest. It is sad that each cigarette that the man smokes reduces his life span by 14 years. Moreover since nicotine has been seen to impact the working of Estrogen on hippocampus, hence in the long run nicotine users are susceptible to amnesia and other connected diseases.
8. Toxicity
Nicotine is considered to be more toxic than most common drugs like heroin and cocaine. More harm is conducted by nicotine on the body system since it is readily absorbed from the bloodstream and reaches the mind over the lungs within 7 seconds of its intake either orally or as nicotine patches.
9. Use of nicotine in medical science
Though nicotine is not an doctor’s closest friend, it’s yet not his worst foe. Nicotine recognized for its pain relieving properties is being researched upon to be used like a potential prescribed analgesic minus its harmful effects. Nicotine been specifically found to cut back preeclampsia, allergic asthma; and others by becoming an anti-inflammatory agent.
10. Nicotine in literature
Nicotine may be personified in popular literature as Nick O’ Teen, a humanoid villainous character in Superman comics that has been created in anti-nicotine drive to coach children about the ill-effects of nicotine intake in any form.
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